Solar Panel Wiring Diagram with Charge Controller, Battery, Inverter

Proper Wiring Diagram of Solar Panel 

In this article, we are going to see Solar Panel Wiring Diagram. We will see the Solar Panel Connection Diagram with Battery, Charge Controller, Inverter, and Loads. This wiring diagram will help you to understand how the components are interconnected in the system. It shows the flow of power from the solar panel to the battery, charge controller, inverter, and loads. This wiring diagram simplifies maintenance tasks, such as identifying and troubleshooting issues with specific components or circuits. It also aids in upgrading or expanding the system, as you can easily understand the existing wiring and make appropriate modifications or additions. Finally, this wiring diagram will help you to easily understand the overall working concept of a solar power system.

Wiring Diagram of Solar Panel with Battery, Inverter, Charge controller and Loads.

As you see in the connection diagram at first, the solar panel is connected to the Solar charge controller and then a 24V battery is connected to the charge controller. An Inverter is connected to the battery. The output of the inverter is connected to AC loads like Fans, lights, TV etc.

Connection Procedure

1. Connect the Solar panels to the Solar Panel input terminals of the solar charge controller. Make sure the correct polarity while connecting the solar panels to the solar charge controller.
2. Connect the battery to the battery input terminals of the solar charge controllers.
3. Connect the DC output terminal of the solar charge controller to the DC loads you have. Make sure the DC output voltage from the charge controller and your DC load voltage are the same.
4. Now connect the DC input of the inverter to the battery.
5. Connect the AC output of the inverter to the AC loads.

Apparatus Used:

1. 24V Solar panel
2. 1 pcs 24V rechargeable battery.
3. 24V solar charge controller.
4. 24V/230V inverter.

Solar Panel

Here we have taken a 24V solar panel. If you want to connect more load then you may need one more 24V solar panel. Two 24V solar panels are to be connected in parallel. Generally, the capacity of the solar panel is measured in watts. So, calculate the total power consumption of the devices you intend to connect to the solar inverter. This will give you an idea of the capacity or wattage of the solar panel you require. 

Battery

Here we have taken a 24V rechargeable battery. If you want to connect more load then you may need one more 24V battery. Two 24V batteries are to be connected in parallel. Solar inverters are designed to operate with specific battery voltages. Common battery voltages include 12V, 24V, and 48V. Ensure that the battery panel you select matches the voltage requirement of your solar inverter. The capacity is very important when selecting a new battery. The battery capacity is typically measured in ampere-hours (Ah) and indicates the amount of charge the battery can store. To determine the required battery capacity, consider factors such as the expected duration of backup power needed, the load's power consumption, and any inefficiencies in the system. Aim for a battery capacity that can meet your backup time requirements.

Solar Charge Controller

Here we have taken a 24V Solar Charge controller. This charge controller has six terminals. Two terminals for the Solar panel. Two terminals for the battery. And the other two terminals for DC output. When selecting a Solar Charge Controller, consider factors such as the maximum solar panel input voltage and current it can handle, the charging capacity it supports, the battery voltage compatibility, and the overall system requirements. Ensure that the charge controller can handle the power capacity of your solar panels and the battery bank effectively.

Inverter

Here we have a 24V DC solar charge controller, so we should choose an inverter that accepts a 24V DC input. Ensure that the inverter is compatible with a 24V input voltage to match your solar system configuration. Calculate the total power consumption of the AC loads you plan to connect to the inverter. This will give you an estimate of the inverter's power capacity you need. There are two types of DC to  AC inverters available in the market that are pure sine wave inverters and modified sine wave inverters. It is mostly recommended to use Pure sine wave inverters that produce a smooth, high-quality AC waveform similar to utility power and are suitable for most types of sensitive electronics. Here we have taken a 24V/230V Inverter for converting 24V dc to 230V AC as our electrical equipment can run only in AC supply.
If you have any DC load then you can connect it to the output of the charge controller.

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