Communication System Block Diagram, Elements,Types, Examples
Communication means the exchanging of information between two or more individuals. Electronic communication system helps us a lot to communicate with people who lives far away. Electronic communication system helps to communicate with text messages, voice messages, pictures or photos, video formats, etc. The process of transmission, delivery, and converting of this information is called communication. The main objective of a communication system is to collect messages or information from the sender and to deliver them to the receiver without any error, noise, or distortion as much as possible in less time. A good communication system always considers these factors,
- Collect information from the sender completely
- Transmit this information as much as possible in less time
- Deliver this information to the receiver without any error
- Transmit more information as much as possible.
Block Diagram of Communication System
Here, you can see the basic communication system block diagram and its important parts.
The above block diagram of a communication system illustrates the flow of information, signals, and data between different components. It helps in understanding the system architecture, the role of each component, and how they interact with each other. Communication systems are often composed of various subsystems, such as transmitters, receivers, Transducers, amplifiers, modulators, demodulators, and signal processors. The block diagram shows the integration of these subsystems by providing a visual representation of their interconnections and interfaces. It ensures proper coordination and compatibility between different components, enabling seamless operation of the overall system.
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Elements of Communication System
The design and circuitry of an actual communication system depend upon its types, distance, channel, forms of signal, etc. But if we see the basic common elements of any communication system, those are,
- Source or Information Sender
- Input Transducer
- Transmitter
- Channel
- Receiver
- Output Transducer
- Destination or Information Receiver
Source
Source, from where the sender sends the actual message in the form of the physical. It may be a voice, pictures, text, video, etc. After sending or providing the message or information from the sender, the whole responsibility comes to the communication system. Now the communication system should deliver those messages to the destination.
Input Transducer
The input transducer is the first and very important element of a communication system. It converts the physical messages provided by the sender into electrical signals. The transducer is a device that can convert a physical quantity into an electrical quantity or an electrical quantity into a physical quantity. The input transducer basically converts the physical quantity into an electrical quantity. For example, a microphone is a transducer that converts the voice into an electrical signal and it is widely used in a communication system. The camera is also an example of a transducer.
Transmitter
The transmitter is a device or a circuit that prepared the signal for transmission over a long distance. A transmitter can be a large or complex circuit if the communication system is large. There are so many important roles of a transmitter. It modulates the signal using a carrier signal. It amplifies the signal to increase the strength of large-distance communication. It converts the signal as required. For example, if the signal is to be transmitted through electrical conductors or lines then there is no need for conversion just amplification is enough. But if the signal is to be transmitted through the space. then the transmitter will convert the electrical signals into radio waves. If the signal is to be transmitted through the fiber optic cable then the transmitter will convert the electrical signal into light or optical signal.
Channel
The transmission channel is the medium through which the messages or information travel over a long distance. The different channels use different forms of signals. If the channel is an electric conductor then the information travels in form of the electrical or electronic signals. If the channel is an optical fiber cable then the information travel in the form of the optical signal. If the channel is free space then the information travel in the form of radio waves or microwaves.
Receiver
A receiver is a device or a circuit that receives the signal after traveling through the channel over a long distance. The input signal of a receiver may be in any form such as an electrical or optical or electromagnetic wave. But the receiver provides output in electrical signal only. The functions of a receiver are to receive the signal, remove noise or distortion, demodulate if required, convert, and amplify.
Output Transducer
The output transducer converts the electrical signal into the actual message or information in the form of the physical quantity. For example, the speaker converts the electrical signal into sound. So the receiver at the destination can hear what says the sender at the source station.
Destination
The destination is the place where the whole communication system ends and the receiver receives the actual message or information.
Types of Communication System
The communication system is classified based on the way of communication, transmission channel, the form of signals, etc.
Based on the way of communication, the communication system is two types,
- One Way Communication
- Two Way Communication
Based on the form of signals, the communication system is classified as,
- Analog Communication System
- Digital communication System
Based on the communication channel, the communication system is classified as,
- Line Communication such as parallel wire, coaxial cable, optical cable, twisted wire, etc.
- Space Communication such as ground waves, sky waves, space waves, and satellite communication.
Examples of Communication System
The common communication systems examples are television, the Internet, Intranet, Extranet, telephone, etc.
Common examples of One-Way communications are Television Broadcasting, Radio Broadcasting, Public Announcements, etc.
Common examples of Two-Way communications are Telephone conversations, Mobile Phones, Walkie-Talkies, Radio Communication, Intercom Systems, Internet Voice and Video Calls, etc.
Common examples of analog communications are AM Radio, FM Radio, Analog Television, Analog Telephone Systems, etc.
Common examples of digital communications are Electronic mail(E-Mail), Voice over IP (VoIP), Internet of Things (IoT) Communication, Social Media, etc.
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Communication System Block Diagram, Elements,Types, Examples
Reviewed by Author
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November 18, 2021
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Reviewed by Author
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November 18, 2021
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