[Explained] Electric Locomotive Traction System Block Diagram



In this article, we are going to discuss the Electric Locomotive Traction System Block Diagram with a detailed explanation. We will discuss how an Electric locomotive takes power from the overhead line, and how it is used to operate the motor. There are mainly three types of electrification used in electrical traction systems - 1. Direct Current (DC) Electrification System 2. Alternating Current (AC) Electrification System 3. Composite or Kando system. So here we will discuss the modern system that is the Composite or Kando System.


Electric Locomotive Traction System Block Diagram


First, let's take a look at the block diagram of the Electric locomotive traction system, then we will discuss each block and the whole system.

Electric Locomotive Traction System Block Diagram, locomotive block diagram, railway traction system


How Electric Locomotive Traction System Works?


The above block diagram represents a Composite or Kando system means the locomotive takes a single-phase power supply from the overhead line and it converts into the three-phase supply and is used to operate the three-phase motor. Let's discuss each block, you will understand better.

Pantograph


The pantograph is a current collection system from the overhead line. The locomotive takes current from the overhead line through this pantograph. Pantographs are held up by compressed air pressure to connect with the overhead line. It is also designed to collapse if it detects an obstruction and can be manually down to isolate the locomotive from the overhead line.

Circuit Breaker


It is an electrical protective device. It is used to disconnect the locomotive from the main power supply coming through the pantograph when any fault occurs.

Axle Brush


Pantograph helps to connect phase or line conductor whereas axle brush helps to connect neutral conductor. We can say a locomotive takes current from the overload line through the pantograph and returns that current through the axle brush.

Step Down Transformer


In a Kando system, the locomotive is supplied by 16KV or 25KV, 50 Hz single-phase supply. So the step-down transformer is used to step down this high voltage. Tap changer is also used with this transformer.

Main Rectifier


The rectifier is used to convert the single-phase AC supply coming from the transformer into a DC supply. Generally, SCRs, IGBTs, etc are used for this rectifier because they carry a very high current and electrical power.

Filter


In the above diagram, you can see there are two Filters are used. These are the DC filters used to filter the DC output of the rectifier.

Three Phase Inverter


This single-phase to three-phase inverter is used to convert the DC supply (from the output of the rectifier) into a three-phase AC supply. This three-phase AC supply is used to operate the three-phase induction motor. Generally, high-power-carrying SCRs and IGBTs are used for this inverter circuit.

Motor Controller


The Motor Controller is used to control the three-phase motor such as speed, torque, acceleration, etc.

Traction Motor


Generally, the modern locomotive system uses a three-phase asynchronous motor or induction motor. Induction motors provide a very good speed regulation, regenerative braking, high acceleration, etc.

Single Phase Inverter


In the locomotive system, a single-phase inverter is also used which supplies power to Lights, Fans, AC Sockets, cooling fans, battery chargers, etc. This single-phase inverter also takes power from the main rectifier.


Read Also: 

Thank you for visiting the website. keep visiting for more updates.

[Explained] Electric Locomotive Traction System Block Diagram [Explained] Electric Locomotive Traction System Block Diagram Reviewed by Author on February 16, 2021 Rating: 5
Powered by Blogger.