What is Humming in Transformer? It's Reason or Cause Explained
The noise or sound in the Transformer is known as
Humming. The main reason for Humming in Transformer is Magnetostriction which
depends upon the stray magnetic field. In this article, we will discuss the
cause of humming noise in transformer, reduce procedure, etc.
Actually,
the humming noise is associated with the alternating current and we know that
transformer only work with alternating current. So the humming noise in a
transformer is a common problem it cannot be eliminated completely but it can
be reduced. To reduce the humming noise, first, we should know the cause of
humming noise in a transformer.
Causes of Humming Noise in Transformer?
The
main cause of humming in a transformer is Magnetostriction. Now you may think
what is Magnetostriction?
Magnetostriction
is a property of ferromagnetic materials by virtue of which they change their
shape or dimension when they are exposed to changing magnetic field.
We
know that the magnetic field or magnetic flux is continuously changing in a
transformer as the AC changing its polarity and magnitude. We also know that
the core of the transformer is made of Iron and it laminated. So when the
changing magnetic flux conducts through the iron core, it changes its shape
also.
This
changing in shape of the transformer core creates a vibration which further
creates a noise which is called Humming. So the humming occurs due to the
dimensional changes in the core of the transformer.
The
humming noise in transformer also depends upon the frequency of the AC supply
because of the changes in the magnetic field depends upon the frequency.
Generally, the frequency of the humming noise is twice the operating supply
frequency. For example, if the operating supply frequency is 50 Hz then the
frequency of the humming sound will be 100 Hz and if the operating supply
frequency is 60 Hz then the humming frequency will be 120Hz.
The
humming also depends upon the core lamination. If the lamination is not
properly done then it will create more noise. So loose clamping and poor
stacking are increases the chances of humming.
The
humming sound also depends upon the load. If the transformer is connected to a
large load then it will conduct a large current. The large current creates more
magnetic flux which further increases the humming.
Effect of Humming Noise
The
humming in the transformer can be called is energy loss. Because the humming is
just a sound and we know that sound is nothing but energy.
The
humming can reduce the mechanical strength of the transformer core.
How Humming can be Reduce?
The
humming noise cannot be eliminated totally. We can reduce the humming noise. To
reduce the humming noise, the core should be properly laminated. The stacking
of core should be done tightly.
The
all joints in the transformer should be done properly. The transformer should
have good core support.
The unbalanced load may increase the humming noise, so the balance of load in three
phases should be maintained.
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What is Humming in Transformer? It's Reason or Cause Explained
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